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The phenotype of an individual organism describes one of its traits or characteristics that is measurable and that is expressed in only a subset of the individuals within that population [1]. Examples include "blue eyes", or "aggressive behavior". Some phenotypes are controlled entirely by the individual's genes. Others are controlled by genes but are significantly affected by nongenetic or environmental factors. Still other phenotypes are entirely nongenetic, for example, a person's language or physical traits that were altered by surgery.